Bearing



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Film Mmm L, 39%@ 05"? GAST IRUN SILVER IND/UM IRUN INH/ENTQRS JOMII MEI Fmmm Mmmm; I Imm Patented Aug. 29, 1950 BEARING John W. Frazier, Shaker Heights, and Leonard J.

Koch, Cleveland, Ohi Heintz Precision Ind o, assignors to Jack & ustries, Inc.,

Cleveland,

Ohio, a. corporation of Delaware Appucauon March 21, 1946, serial N6. 656,129

This invention relates to improvements in antifriction plain bearings and method of manuiacturing the same.

One of the primary objects of the invention is to provide upon a rigid metal backing member,

such as steel or cast iron, a bearing bonded' thereto and consisting of selected metals bonded together and to the backing member in such a manner as to inherently enhance corrosion resistance and relative hardness and Wearing characteristics of the bearing and which bearing will be capable of withstanding high bearing loads at high operating speeds over a long period of time.

Another object is to provide an improved method of economically and successfully producing uniform plain bearings of this character.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides in the combination of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter set forth in the following specification and appended claims, certain embodiments thereof being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a view in longitudinal section of a rigid metal backing member showing the bearing bonded to the exterior thereof; and

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the bearing bonded to the interior of the backing member.

As shown in the drawings the bearing may be bonded either to the inner or outer surface o the rigid metal backing member which may be of steel, cast iron or the like.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention the bearing which is bonded to the rigid backing member consists of three metals, namely, silver, indium and either lead or cadmium. Silver, being a relatively hard bearing surface, is bonded directly to the rigid backing member. An intermediate layer of indium is bonded to the silver layer and bonded upon the indium layer is a layer of relatively soft bearing metal such as lead or cadmium.

The preferred method of constructing a bearing of this character contemplates the diiusion of the indium into the initial layer of relatively hard silver bearing metal andinto the layer of relatively soft lead or cadmium. Generally, this may be accomplished by heating the composite assembled bearing, after being bonded to the rigid backing member, at a temperature above the approximate melting point of indium (310 F.) but below the melting point of the other two bearing metals, silver and lead or cadmium, for a sulcient length of time to cause the indium to 5 Claims. (Cl. 308-237) diffuse partially or completely into both the silver and lead or cadmium bearing metals. It is to be understood that instead of resorting to the actual heating process the heat incident to the operation of the engine may in some cases be sufficient to properly diffuse the indium for the desired purpose.

The proportions of indium and lead or cadmium are such that the diffusion temperature and time of application of heat may be controlled to insure either partial or practically complete diffusion of the indium into the silver bearing metal and into the lead metal. The area of greatest diffusion of indium occurs at the common bond of the two other bearing metals with the indium. This increased hardness and corrosion resistance which the diffused indium imparts to the bearing metals is at a maximum at this point and decreases gradually away from this point.

The initial bearing layer should preferably be of a metal containing at least silver. The intermediate layer of indium should be at least .05% of the initial bearing layer by weight and the soit layer of lead or cadmium should not be more than 10% of the silver bearing layer by weight.

The bearing resulting from this selection and arrangement and bonding of metals on the rigid backing member and method employed results in `a bearing in which the bearing properties of the primary lead or cadmium bearing metal improves as the bearing wears, and in which the silver bearing metal is improved by increased hardness, wearability, and corrosion resistance. Under severe loading this insures an improved bearing surface after the soft bearing metal has been Worn off.

Moreover, the nature of the method of construction of the bearing lends itself to economic and successful production of uniform bearings of this character.

We claim:

l. An anti-friction bearing comprising a rigid metal backing member, a layer of relatively hard bearing metal bonded to said backing member, an intermediate layer of indium bonded to said layer of hard bearing metal and a layer of soft bearing' metal on said intermediate layer of indium.

2. An anti-friction bearing comprising a rigid metal backing member, a layer of relatively hard bearing metal bonded to said backing member, a layer of indium bonded to said layer of hard bearing metal and a layer of relatively soft bearor cadmium bearing 3 lng metal bonded to said layer of indium, said indium being diffused by heat into both said hard and soft bearing metals.

3. An anti-friction bearing comprising a rigid metal backing member, a layer of silver bearing metal bonded to said backing member, a layer of indium bonded to said layer of silver bearing metal and a layer of soft bearing metal bonded to said layer of Iridium. said indium being diiIused by heat into both said silver and soft bearing i metals.

4. An anti-friction bearing comprising a rigid metal backing member, alayer of silver bearing metal bonded onto said backing member, a layer of indium bonded onto said layer of silver bearing metal and a layer of lead bearing metal bonded onto said layer of indium, said indium being diiused by heat into both said silver and lead bearing metals.

5. An anti-friction bearing comprising a rigid metal backing member, a layer of silver bearing metal bonded to said backing member, a, layer 5 cadmium bearing metals.

4 of indium bonded onto said layer o! silver bearing metal and a layer of cadmium bearing metal bonded onto said layer of indium, said indium being diffused by heat into both said silver and JOHN W. FRAZIER. LEONARD J. KOCH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ot this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS m Number Name Date 2,266,320 Hobbs Dec. 16, 1941 2,288,656 Smart July 7, 1942 2,289,572 Underwood July 14, 1942 2,325,071 Murray July 27, 1943 2,329,483 Queneau Sept. 14, 1943 2,373,352 Smart Apr. 10, 1945 2.386.951

Howe Oct. 16, 1945 

1. AN ANTI-FRICTION BEARING COMPRISING A RIGID META BACKING MEMBER, A LAYER OF RELATIVELY HARD BEARING METAL BONDED TO SAID BACKING MEMBER, AN INTERMEDIATE LAYER OF INDIUM BONDED TO SAID LAYER OF HARD BEARING METAL AND A LAYER OF SOFT BEARING METAL ON SAID INTERMEDIATE LAYER OF INDIUM. 